汉语声母演变规律探析

A Study of the Evolution Laws of Chinese Initials

文章通过分析汉语声母发音部位的演变,探究其演变原因是满足语言交际的需要,演变规律包括四个方面:一是汉语声母经历了由简到繁,再由繁到简的演变过程,这一过程主要体现在舌音的变化;二是"定"母分化的主要条件是入声,"澄"母和"喻四"之间不会冲突;三是"章"组、"知"组先后从"端"组中分化出来,两者在上古后期和中古时期不存在同音的冲突;四是"日"母的演变过程、时间和条件与"章"组一致,"娘"母的演变过程和条件与"知"组相同,两者从分化出来以后不存在同音的冲突。

Through the analysis of the evolution of place of articulation of Chinese initials,this article explores the causes of evolution to meet the needs of communicative language. And the evolution laws includes four aspects：First,the Chinese initials have changed from simple to complex,then they have evolved from complex to simple again,which mainly represented in the change of lisps;Second,the main condition for the evolution of group＂Ding＂is＂Ru＂tone,and there is no conflict between group＂Cheng＂and＂Yusi＂;Third,group＂Duan＂divides into＂Zhang＂initial and＂Zhi＂initial successively without any conflict in ancient times;Fourth,there is a same evolution situation between＂Ri＂initial and group＂Zhang＂in the evolution process,time and condition,which also appears in ＂Niang＂initial and ＂Zhi＂group,and there is no any conflict between＂Ri＂initial and＂Niang＂initial in pronunciation.