针灸对心肌细胞钙超载保护机制的研究进展

Progress of Researches on Protective Effect of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Relieving Intracellular Calcium Overload of Cradiomyocytes

钙离子(Ca^(2+))作为细胞内普遍存在的第二信使,其相关的信号转导通路参与了机体内多种生理活动和病理变化的信号转导,具有广泛和重要的生理学作用,但其具体机制尚未被完全阐明。目前在心肌损伤的机制研究中,钙超载学说已得到医学学术界的公认,越来越多的研究证明钙超载是引发心肌细胞损伤的重要原因之一。笔者查阅了近10年国内外相关的文献资料发现,针灸对心肌细胞钙超载的保护机制主要有细胞膜Ca^(2+)转运途径、肌浆网膜Ca^(2+)转运途径及线粒体途径(即能量代谢途径)等。

Myocardial contraction and relaxation are regulated by increases and decreases of the intracellular cytoplasmic calcium（Ca^2＋）concentration.Intracellular calcium ion is also a ubiquitous second messenger,and its related signal transduction pathways involve a variety of physiological activities and pathological changes.It has been well documented that intracellular calcium overload is involved in myocardial cellular injury.In the present paper,the authors make a review about experimental researches on the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion in the prevention and treatment of ischemic myocardial injury from reducing calcium overload in recent 10 years.Results of recent studies indicate that acupuncture and moxibustion interventions have a cardioprotective effect by raising Ca^2＋-ATPase activity and nitric oxide content,lowering L-type voltage dependent calcium channel activity,and ameliorating calcium overload in ischemic cardiomyocytes mainly through cytomembrane,sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane and mitochondrial membrane pathways.However,the current studies on the mechanisms of acupuncture in the improvement of the ischemic myocardial injury are far unclear up to now and do not closely combine the clinical application.