模块化视角下大陆台资电子信息产业价值链的时空演变

The Temporal and Spatial Evolution of the Value Chain of Taiwan-funded Electronic Information Industry in Mainland from the Modular Perspective

模块化、片段化、分散化是制造业发展的趋势。大陆台资电子信息产业已是全球电子信息产业价值模块分工的重要一环。本文结合电子信息产业模块价值曲线和生产链,将企业分为一般部件设计与制造、关键部件设计与制造、整机代工组装与制造、软件设计与营销等4个模块,运用空间分析和灰色关联法,分析大陆台资电子信息产业价值模块的时空演变及其驱动机制。研究发现:1大陆台资电子信息模块企业的技术与价值有明显阶段变化,1998年、2006年是拐点;2低价值模块空间布局较为分散,不同价值模块组合呈现本地组合和邻近地域推进两种形式;3扩散与集聚共存,由南向北,由东向西扩散的同时,形成长三角、珠三角、海西、环渤海、西三角5个集聚区;4区域产业政策、制造业平均工资、每十万高等教育在校生数、高新技术开发区企业数、居民消费水平等因子对大陆台资电子信息产业的区位选择影响最为显著;5地域和层次延伸价值链可促进台资电子产业价值模块在大陆区域间的合理分工。

It is the trend of development in manufacturing industry to be of module,fragmentation and decentralization.Taiwan-funded electronic information industry in the mainland plays an important part in the value module division of the global electronic information industry. Based on the modular value curve and the production chain,the industry is divided into four modules： the general component design and manufacturing,the key component design and manufacturing,the OEM assembly and manufacturing as well as the software design and marketing. By using spatial analysis and grey correlation method this paper makes a detailed analysis of its spatiotemporal evolution and drive mechanism. The study finds that there are obvious stages of change in the technology and value of the mainland＇s Taiwan – funded enterprises of electronic information module with,especially,the years of 1998 and 2006 as a turning point. The space layout of PM module and CVM module is more decentralized and the combination of different value modules shows two forms of the local combination and the neighboring region promotion.On the other hand,diffusion and agglomeration coexist,spreading from south to north or from east to west,which form five concentration areas： the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,the west coast,the Bohai Sea and West Triangle. Moreover,other factors also prove to be obviously significant in affecting the industry＇s location choice,including the regional industry policy,the average wages of manufacturing industry,the number of students in higher education per 100,000,the number of enterprises in high-tech development zone and the residents＇ consumption level. Finally,the value chain of graphical and hierarchical extension can promote reasonable division of labor of Taiwan-funded electronic information industry in the mainland.