中国区域银行业多样性发展与民营企业债务成本——基于工业企业和银行分支网络挖掘数据的实证研究

The Development of Regional Banking Diversity and It's Influence on Debt Cost of Private Enterprises in China:Evidence from Enterprises and Network Mining Bank Branch Data

本文借鉴生态学方法度量区域银行业多样性水平,分析了中国银行业多样性总体和区域发展现状,并使用2009年工业企业数据和网络挖掘的银行业分支机构数据,检验区域银行业多样性水平对民营企业债务融资成本的影响。研究发现:近30年我国银行业多样性水平呈快速上升趋势,四大国有银行分支机构数量占比逐渐下降,当前东部地区银行业多样性水平高于中西部地区;随着区域银行业多样性水平的提高,民营企业债务融资成本呈先降后升的U型趋势;经测算,2009-2014年间我国大部分城市银行业多样性发展不足。我国应持续推动区域银行业多样性发展,促进银行业竞争和金融效率提升,同时又须避免过度多样性导致的规模不经济和金融风险上升问题。

This paper measures the regional banking diversity level referring Ecology methods, and analyses the level of overall and regional development of China's banking diversity. Based on data of Chinese industrial enterprises and network mined data of banking branch in 2009,we tested the effect of regional banking diversity level on debt cost of private enterprises. Results show that, over the past 30 years, the branch proportion of the four major state-owned banks has been decreasing, and China's banking diversity level has been being under a trend of rapid increase, and that of eastern regions is higher than that of central and western regions recently. We find that with the improvement of banking diversity,corporate debt cost firstly decreases and then increases, showing a U-shaped trend. During 2009 and 2014, banking diversity level of Chinese cities may still be underdeveloped. China should continue to promote regional banking diversity, enhancing competition in the banking sector and financial efficiency, and to avoid the problem of diseconomies of scale and financial risk by excessive diversity simultaneously.