内蒙古草原放牧肉牛春季补饲量的研究

Study on Supplementary Quantity of Grazing Beef Cattle in Spring in Inner Mongolia Grassland

试验旨在研究内蒙古草原放牧肉牛春季最佳补饲量。选择75头体重为(281.19±17.15)kg的健康西门塔尔杂交肉牛随机分为5组(A、B、C、D、E组),每组15头牛,1头牛为1个重复。各组分别按体重的0、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%及1.2%补饲精料,依次为0、0.8、1.7、2.5及3.4kg/d,其他放牧条件相同。预试期15d,正试期60d。结果表明,随着精料补饲量的增加,肉牛的平均日增重依次显著增加(P<0.05),D组平均日增重较A、B、C组分别提高331.25%、130.00%及38.00%,日粮中干物质和粗蛋白质的表观消化率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);D组日均收入为11.22元,分别较A、B、C及E组显著提高了183.33%、102.53%、36.17%及20.52%(P<0.05),育肥效益最好。综合以上结果,内蒙古草原春季放牧条件下,肉牛每天的最佳补饲量为2.5kg,在此条件下可获得较高的日增重及较高的经济收益。

The experiment was conducted to study the optimal supplementary feeding quantity of grazing beef cattle in spring in Inner Mongolia grassland.Seventy-five Simmental beef cattle with average weight of（281.19±17.15）kg were selected and divided into 5groups（group A,B,C,D and E）with 15 replicates per group.Those cattle grazed optionally and supplemented with 0,0.8,1.7,2.5,3.4kg/d concentrate,respectively,according to beef cattle weight of 0,0.3%,0.6%,0.9% and 1.2%.Pre-trial period was 15 d,the trial period was 60 d.The results showed that,with the increasing of concentrate supplementation,the daily gain of beef cattle was gradually significant increased（P〈0.05）;Group D were 331.25%,130.00% and 38.00% higher than that of group A,B and C,respectively,the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein were significantly higher than that of other groups（P〈0.05）.The daily income of group D was 11.22 yuan and were 183.33%,102.53%,36.17%,20.52% significantly higher than that of group A,B,C and E（P〈0.05）,the fattening income of group D was the highest.According to above results,the optimum adding levels was 2.5kg/d in spring under the condition of grazing in Inner Mongolia.The higher daily gain and higher economic benefits could be obtained under the optimal supplementary feeding quantity.