广州地区无偿献血人群中HIN1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体的分布及水平

Distribution and levels of neutralizing antibody of HIN1 and H3N2 influenza virus in the blood donors in Guangzhou

目的探讨H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体在广州地区无偿献血人群中的分布及水平，为研究广州地区流感流行病学特征提供参考。方法于2015年10～11月，采用年龄分层随机抽样法选择广州血液中心无偿献血的498例健康献血者为研究对象。按年龄将其分为18～20岁组（n=150）、21～30岁组（n=210）、31～60岁组（n=138）。采用微量病毒中和实验法测定献血者血浆中H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体滴度，并分别对不同性别及年龄段H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体阳性率及滴度进行统计学分析。结果498例健康献血者中，H1N1流感病毒中和抗体阳性率为3．6％（18／480）；H3N2流感病毒中和抗体阳性率为4．6％（23／498），2种流感病毒中和抗体阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（x^2=0．636，P=0．425）。156例男性献血者中，H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体阳性率分别为3．8％（6／156）和4．5％（7／156）；342例女性献血者中H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体阳性的率分别为3．2％（11／342）和4．4％（15／342）。不同性别献血者H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体阳性率比较，差异均无统计学意义（x^2=0．129、0．003，P〉0．05）。18～20岁组、21～30岁组和31～60岁组献血者H1N1流感病毒中和抗体阳性率分别为4．0％、5．2％和0．7％；H3N2流感病毒中和抗体阳性率分别为6．0％、5．2％和2．2％。不同年龄组献血者H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体阳性率比较，差异均无统计学意义（x^2=4．961、2．705，P〉0．05）。18-20岁组、21～30岁组和31～60岁献血者H1N1流感病毒中和抗体几何平均滴度（GMT）分别为1：1．38、1：1．48和1：1．05，平均为1：1．32；H3N2流感病毒中和抗体GMT分别为1：1．62、1：1．51和1：1．19，平均为1：1.44。3组献血者H1NI和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体滴度比较，差异均无统计学意义（x^2=4．887、2．702，P〉0．05）。结论广州地区无偿献血人群中H1N1和H3N2流感病毒中和抗体水平较低，不同性别和年龄人群对流感病毒普遍易感。

Objective To explore positive rate and titer of neutralizing antibody levels of H1N1 and H3N2 influenza virus in blood donation population in Guangzhou, in order to provide a reference for the study of the epidemiological characteristics of influenze virus in Guangzhou area. Methods From October to November 2015, a total of 498 healthy blood donors were included in this study by age-stratified random sampling method. All the donors were divided into 3 groups according to age： 18-20 years old group（n= 150）, 21-30 years old group（n= 210） and 31-60 years old group（n： 138）. Titer of neutralizing antibody levels of H1N1 and H3N2 influenze virus were tested by micro neutralization titration experiment, and positive rate and titer levels of differents gender and age were analyzed statistically, respectively. Results In 498 healthy blood donors, the positive rates of H1N1 and H3N2 influenze virus neutralizing antibody were 3.6% （18/480） and 4.6% （23/498） respectively, and no statistical difference was found between these two influenze virus subtypes （x^2 =0. 636 ,P=0. 425）. The positive rates of H1N1 and H3N2 influenze virus neutralizing antibody in 156 male donors were 3.8 % （6/156） and 4.5 % （7/156）respectively, and were 3.2%（11/342） and 4.4% （15/342）in 342 female donors respectively. There were no significant differences in the positive rates of HIN1 and H3N2 influenze virus neutralizing antibody in different genders （x^2 = 0. 129, 0. 003;P 〉 0. 05）. The positive rates of H1N1 influenze virus neutralizing antibody in 18-20 years old group, 21-30 years old group and 31-60 years old group were 4. 0%, 5.2% and 0. 7% respectively,and 6.0%, 5. 2% and 2. 2% of H1N1 influenze virus neutralizing antibody in each group respectively. There were no significant differences in the positive rates of HIN1 and H3N2 influenze virus neutralizing antibody in 3 groups （x^2=4. 961,2. 705 ;P〉0.05）. The geometric mean titer （GMT） of HIN1 influenze virus neutralizing antibody in 18-20 years group, 21-30 years group and 31-60 years group were 1 ： 1.38, 1 ： 1.48 and 1 z 1.05 respectively, for an average of 1 ： 1.32; while those of HIN1 influenze virus neutralizing antibody in 18-20 years group,21-30 years group and 31-60 years group were 1 ： 1.62, 1 ： 1.51 and 1： 1.19 respectively, for an average of 1 ： 1.44. There were no significant differences of antibody titers of HIN1 and H3N2 influenze virus neutralizing antibody among these 3 groups （x^2 =4. 887, 2. 702; P〉0.05）. Conclusions The neutralizing antibody levels of HIN1 and H3N2 influenza virus were low in the blood donors in Guangzhou area, and people of different gender and age are generally susceptible to influenza virus.