试论新中国成立初期各界人民代表会议在广东省的践行

The Practice of People's Representative Conference from all Walks of Life in Guangdong Province in the Early of New China

新中国成立初期,各界人民代表会议作为人民代表大会的过渡机构,在广东省经历了曲折的发展历程,历经普及阶段、制度化阶段以及普选阶段,最终实现了向人民代表大会的过渡。在全面普及阶段,尽管成绩与问题并存,但在中共中央与华南分局的督促和领导下成功完成了稳定秩序、恢复生产以及传播民主的任务;随着省各界人民代表会议的开展以及区、乡各届人民代表会议的开展与推行,会议逐步呈现制度化趋势,且逐渐代行人大职权,并引入民主讨论和协商机制,使会议运行愈加成熟与高效;1953年,随着普选条件逐渐成熟,各界人民代表会议正式向人民代表大会过渡。各界人民代表会议的践行反映出新中国成立初期广东省的民主传播模式以及政权组建方式,是一次比较成功的民主实践。

In the early of new China, as the transitional organization of People's Congress, the People's Representative Conference from all walks of life in Guangdong province had experienced a tortuous development process from the popularized stage, institutionalized stage to general stage, and ultimately achieved the transition to People's Congress. In the comprehensively popularized stage, although the achievements and problems coexisted, the People's Representative Conference successfully completed the tasks of stablizing orders, resuming production and spreading democracy. With the development of people's representative conference from all walks of life in Guangdong province and the development and implementation of the districts and countries' People's Representative Conference, the Conference presented a tendency of systemization, step by step and gradually exercise such functions and powers of People's Congress, introduced the mechanism of democratic discussion and negotiation and made the operation of the conference more and more mature and efficient. In 1953, as the gradual maturity of general election condition, the cities and counties developed actively and universally general election campaign, the People's Representative Conference from all walks of life formally to People's Congress transition. The practice of the People's Representative Conference from all walks of life reflected democratic propagation mode and regime form mode in Guangdong Province in the early of new China, which is a relatively successful democratic practice.