“到底”共时差异的认知解释

A Cognitive Explanation on the Synchronic Variation of＂Daodi＂（ 到底 ）

普通话中“到底”作为短语、时间副词、评注语气副词和疑问语气副词,具有各不相同的句法、语义及语用特性。不同性质的“到底”之间的语法差异可通过“力量—动态模型”理论和领域扩散理论的综合运用而得到统一的解释,因为它们不同的语法特征是一个统一的认知模框[TO-END]依据不同隐喻机制从行域向知域、言域扩散,从而形成不同的理想认知模型的语言表征。

In mandarin, ＂Daodi＂（ 到底 ）as a phrase, temporal adverb, modal adverb and mood adverb has respectively syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features. Thegrammatical variance of different ＂Daodi＂（ 到底 ）, can be consistently explained by the combination of ＂force-dynamics model＂ theory and ＂domains-extension＂ theory proposed by Talmy and Sweester respectively. This paper suggests that the grammatical features＇ differences of＂Daodi＂（ 到底 ） as a phrase, temporal adverb, modal adverb and mood adverb derives from the different idealized cognitive models emergering during the extension of a unified cognitive frame ＂TO END＂ from physical domain to epistemic domain and speech act domain by different metaphor mechanism.