大鼠颌骨骨皮质切开术后骨小梁三维结构的改变

Three-dimensional morphology of alveolar trabecular bone after corticotomy in rats

目的探索骨皮质切开术后牙槽骨骨小梁的结构改变规律。方法选取健康Wistar雄性大鼠10只，在其左侧上颌第一臼齿近远中牙槽骨施行骨皮质切开术，右侧不做处理作为对照。分别在手术前，和手术后7、14、21及42天使用活体Micro-CT进行扫描，获得大鼠上颌牙槽骨以及牙齿的影像学数据，并对其进行分析。结果术后14天大鼠牙槽骨的骨密度显著降低（P〈0．05），而术后42天又显著升高至比术前更高的水平（P〈0．01）。各项三维结构的指标均显示先疏松后致密的趋势。结论大鼠颌骨骨皮质切开术后，骨质疏松发生在术后14天前，以后逐渐致密，到术后42天已达到比术前更致密的水平。

Objective To explore the metabolic changes of alveolar trabecular bone following the corticotomy. Methods 10 healthy Wistar rats were selected. The corticotomy was operated on the mesial and distal alveolar bone of upper left first molars, and the opposite side served as control. The animals were scanned by micro-computed tomography at different time points （Pre, 7 d, 14 d and 42 d）. Structural properties of the trabecular bone around the operation zone were analyzed. Results the bone mineral density decreased significantly at 14 d after operation （P〈0. 05）, and then increased to a level which was more than pre-operation at 42 d （P〈0. 01）. The indices of alveolar bone architecture showed a trend of bone loss first then formation in the operation zone. Conclusions After the corticotomy, bone loss will be observed in the first two weeks, then bone formation increase with time, and the bone will be denser than pre-operation at 42 d.