病媒生物密度控制水平国家标准在实际工作中的应用

The practical application of national standards for vector density control

目的分析病媒生物密度控制水平国家标准在卫生创建中的应用效果,为城镇病媒生物防制、卫生创建及病媒生物专项考核提供参考。方法依据病媒生物密度控制水平国家标准进行城镇病媒生物防制专项考核。结果2012-2015年全省共考核8个市64个县城,最易达A级的指标为蚊虫停落指数、蜚蠊卵鞘查获率、外环境鼠密度、蟑迹查获率和大中型水体蚊密度,达标率分别为93.06%、85.29%、82.61%、57.35%和55.56%。较难达C级的指标有小型积水蚊密度、防蝇设施和室内成蝇密度,不达标率分别为26.39%、16.67%和16.67%。"不得有蝇场所"平均不达标率为37.31%,该指标成蝇阳性检出率呈逐年下降趋势。结论新国标更加科学、规范、可操作性强。小型水体蚊虫密度和"不得有蝇场所"两项指标较难达标。

Objective To analyze the application of national standard of vector density for pest control performance evaluation in creating hygienic city, to provide a scientific reference for the control and prevention of urban vectors, create hygienic city and meet special vector inspection. Methods Urban vector special inspection was conducted based on national standards of vector density for pest control performance evaluation. Results Total 64 counties of 8 cities in Shaanxi were inspected within 4 years, and the indexes that were most likely to reach grade A were index of mosquito landing rate, positive rate of cockroaches ootheca, the density of rodents in outdoor environment, cockroach infestation trace rate, mosquito density in large and medium-sized water bodies, of which the achieving rates were 93.06%, 85.29%, 82.61%, 57.35%, and 55.56% respectively. The indexes that were more difficultly to achieve Grade C were density of mosquito in smaller ponding, facilities for preventing fly, indoor fly density, being 26.39%, 16.67%, and 16.67% respectively. The average rate of non-achieving standard in areas where ＂flies were prohibited＂ was 37.31% and the flies positive detection rate of this index showed the obvious downward trend year by year. Conclusion The new national standards are more scientific, standardized, and high maneuverability. Two indexes including mosquito density in small water body and the rate of in areas where ＂flies were prohibited＂ were more difficult to reach the national standards.