道教心性管理智慧之展开——以《老子·十三章》义理为考察中心

On the Management Wisdom of the Nature of Mind in Taoism——The Philosophical Connotations of Lao Tzu- Chapter Thirteen as the Research Center

道教心性管理思想是对传统道家尤其是《老子》思想的继承和发展。《老子》第十三章是最能体现道教心性管理智慧同时也是最为费解的篇章之一。王弼以来的诠释者只在超越层面否定"宠辱若惊"与"大患",忽视了《老子》哲学内在于经验生活的一面,以致对该章的理解前后不能圆融。道教尤其是《老子》在对心性的管理中强调主体既要超越经验世界的对立与有限,又应以现实的态度选择柔弱、处下、畏惧、不敢等价值取向,这个视角有利于我们更为清晰地理解该章的义理。

The management of the nature of mind is the inheritance and development of the traditional Taoist＇s especially Lao Tzu＇s thought.The thirteenth chapter of Lao Tzu can reflect the the management wisdom of the nature of mind in Taoism mostly and is also one of the most puzzling chapters.Interpreters since Wang Bi denied ＂being terrified whether granted favors or subjected to humiliation＂ and ＂big trouble＂ in the aspect of transcendency,but ignored the aspect of the inside experience of the philosophy of Lao Tzu,which caused improper comprehension about the context.Taoism especiallyLao Tzu emphasized it is necessary to go beyond the opposition and limitation of the experience world in managing the nature of mind and we should realisticallychoose weakness,modesty and fear as our value orientation.This perspective will help us understand the meaning of this chaptermore clearly.