大麦‘花22’高产群体特征及产量构成因素分析

Analysis on high-yield population characteristics and yield components of barley variety 'Hua 22'

为探明大麦‘花22'品种在崇明东滩盐碱地高产群体特征,收集整理2012—2014年‘花22'品种试验资料,分析若干高产群体指标特征和产量构成因素。结果表明:崇明盐碱地区‘花22'品种高产(≥6 000 kg/hm^2)群体适宜基本苗和最高茎蘖数为预期有效穗数的36%—40%和1.60—1.90倍,大麦群体成穗率50%以上,齐穗期主茎绿叶数在(4.62±0.20)张,叶面积指数5左右,单株于物质控制在(4.01±0.25 g);不同产量类型的产量构成因素对产量的贡献大小依次为:有效穗数>总粒数>结实率>千粒重。高产大麦群体在稳定适宜穗数基础上,提高结实率,以争取粒数为主攻目标。对不同产量类型中产量与产量因素间统计分析表明:产量与产量因素间的相关性存在明显差异,这对调控产量构成因素以达到不同产量类型的目标具有重要的指导意义。

To explore the high-yield population characteristics of barley variety ＇ Hua 22＇ on Chongming Dongtan saline-alkali land,the data of its filed experiments in 2012—2014 were collected and analyzed.The results showed that for the ＇ Hua 22＇ plant population to yield over 6 000 kg/hm2 on the land,the suitable basic seedling number and maximum stem and tiller number were respectively 36%—40%and 1.60—1.90 times of the expected effective panicles,the ear-bearing tiller percentage was more than 50%,at full heading stage the green leaf number of a main stem was 4.62 ± 0.20,the leaf area index was about 5,and the plant＇s dry matter was 4.01 ±0.25 g;The descending order of yield components＇ effects on the yields of different-yield types was effective panicle number total grain number per spike seed-setting rate 1 000-grain weight.On the basis of stabilizing suitable panicle number of high-yield barley population,improving the seed-setting rate should be taken as a main target to increase the grain number.The statistical analysis between the yield components and yield indicated that the correlations between the yield and yield components were obviously different,which had an important guiding significance of regulating the yield components to reach targets of different-yield types.