“追累”句式的歧义新解

A New Interpretation of the Ambiguity of the Mandarin Zhui-lei Construction

"追累"句式有宾语指向、主语指向和施受颠倒三种解读,是现代汉语多歧义句式的代表,也是近年来汉语研究的一个热点。通过梳理现有的研究思路和主要问题,本文提出了基于事件结构分析的新方法,对"追累"句式的三种语义分别解读为状态维度上的有界致使运动事件、时间维度上的有界自发运动事件和时间维度上的有界无意致使运动事件。这种分析方法不仅反映了汉语V-V复合词生成的语序特点及相关事件的深层语义关系,还能得到汉语体标记嵌入和相关句式转换关系的支持。

Zhui-lei construction has as many as three interpretations, namely the object-oriented, the subject-oriented and the agent-inverted-with-patient ones. It is the representative of high ambiguous constructions in Mandarin and one of the hot topics of the recent studies on Mandarin. This paper firstly summarizes the major disputes and problems in the existing studies. Then, based on the idea of parallelism between motion event and change-of-state event under the notion of dimensionality, it proposes new analyses for the interpretations of the ambiguity of the zhui-lei construction. The three interpretations of the construction are respectively accounted for through the three corresponding analyses of the events it denotes as a telic caused motion event in the dimension of state, a telic self-initiated motion event in the dimension of time and a telic non-volitional motion event in the dimension of time. The analyses and derivations concerned can be supported by the word-order property in the derivation of Mandarin V-V compounds, underlying semantic relations in the events concerned, the proper insertions of aspectual markers in the construction and legal transformations between the construction and other ones.