150种过敏原在过敏性疾病中的阳性率分析

Analysis of the Positive Rate of 150 Types of Allergens in Allergic Diseases

目的通过检测过敏性疾病患者血清中过敏原特异性抗体水平,了解过敏原与常见过敏性疾病的相关性,为不同过敏性疾病过敏原检测重点以及选择合适的预防和治疗方案提供科学依据。方法将患者分成三组,采用荧光酶联免疫法,用Immuno CAP过敏原检测试剂检测150种过敏原的特异性Ig E(s Ig E)水平,统计每种过敏原的阳性检出例数,采用SPSS统计软件对三组阳性率进行比较和分析。结果过敏原阳性率在三组过敏性疾病之间差异有统计学意义的过敏原有17种(P≤0.05),差异无统计学意义的有133种(P>0.05)。呼吸道过敏性疾病和呼吸道合并皮肤混合型过敏性疾病两者都比单纯皮肤过敏性疾病对h1、h2、d202、d203过敏原敏感(P<0.05);呼吸道合并皮肤混合型过敏性疾病比单纯的呼吸道过敏性疾病和单纯的皮肤过敏性疾病对m2、f79、c1、c2过敏原敏感(P<0.05),比单纯呼吸道过敏性疾病对f427、f17、fx15、f84、f95、f35、f85、k75过敏原敏感(P<0.05),比单纯皮肤过敏性疾病对e5过敏原敏感(P<0.05)。结论临床上除了应对主要常见过敏原进行检测和筛查外,还应根据患者过敏性疾病类型及过敏原接触史等情况,将三组阳性率比较差异有统计学意义的17种过敏原纳入检测筛查范畴。建议在诊治呼吸道合并皮肤混合型过敏性疾病时要特别注意筛查m2、c1、c2、f79过敏原。

Objective To investigate the relevance of allergens and common allergic diseases by detecting allergen specific antibody level in allergic patients serum, and to provide a scientific basis for different allergic diseases, allergen test key and appropriate prevention and treatment programs. Methods Patients were divided into three groups. Allergen-specific IgE levels were detected by ImmunoCAP system. SPSS statistical software was used to compare and analyze the positive rate of the three groups. Results The positive rates of 17 types of allergens were statistically significant between the three groups of allergic diseases （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The differences of the other 133 types of allergens were not statistically significant （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Respiratory allergic diseases and respiratory tract with skin mixed type allergic diseases were more sensitive to hl, h2, d202 and d203 allergens （ P 〈 0.05 ） than that in skin allergic disease. Respiratory tract with skin mixed type allergic diseases were more sensitive to m2, f/9, cl and c2 allergens （ P 〈 0.05 ） than that in respiratory allergy diseases. Skin allergic disease was more sensitive to f427, f17, fx15, f84, f95, f35, f85 and k75 allergens （ P 〈 0.05 ） than that in respiratory allergic diseases, and skin allergic disease was more sensitive to e5 allergen （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion According to the presentations of patients with allergic type and allergen exposure history, other than detecting the most common allergens, doctors should also detect the 17 types of allergens in this study that show significant high positive rates. It is recommended to pay special attention to detect m2, f79, cl and c2 allergens in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract and skin mixed type allergic diseases.