基于跟驰模型的车辆虚拟仿真方法

Virtual Vehicle Simulation Method Based on Car-following Model

在城市道路交通仿真中,现有智能驾驶模型存在车辆启动较慢的问题。为此,提出一种改进的智能驾驶模型。该模型考虑两车间距对车辆速度的影响,增加基于车间距的加速度调整项,引入车间距与期望间距差,使汽车在启动过程中具有较大的加速度,同时减少汽车在行驶过程中与前车之间的距离。对城市道路进行三维建模,模拟城市十字路口交通状况,实现城市车流仿真动画,以检验模型的合理性和有效性。实验结果表明,改进模型能减少汽车起步较慢和车间距变化异常的现象,使汽车的行驶行为更符合真实城市交通的驾驶特点,逼真再现城市道路交通中车辆的跟驰行为。

In the urban traffic simulation,vehicles start slowly with the existing Intelligent-driver Model（IDM）.To solve this problem,this paper proposes an improved IDM,which considers how vehicle distance affects vehicle velocitiy,uses acceleration term based on vehicle distance and introduces the difference between real vehicle distance and expected distance.These approaches make vehicle have a greater starting acceleration and reduce the distance between vehicles.To verify the rationality and effectiveness of the model,this paper models 3D urban roads and simulates the traffic situation at the crossroad and realizes traffic flow simulated animation.Experimental result shows that the improved model can reduce a phenomenons of slow starting and abnormal changing of distance between vehicles.It makes driving behavior look much more like real urban driving behavior,then the car-following behavior in the urban traffic can be realized realistically.