空气污染与恶性肿瘤住院人数的关联性分析

Association Between Air Pollution and Hospitalization due to Malignant Neoplasms

[目的]探讨空气污染与人群恶性肿瘤住院人数的关联性。[方法]收集甘肃省金昌市2007—2010年大气污染（PM10、SO2和NO2）及气象观测数据,以及同期金昌队列人群全部恶性肿瘤住院病例。采用半参数广义相加模型在调整混杂因素后分析大气污染物浓度与该队列人群恶性肿瘤住院人数的关联性。[结果]共收集金昌队列人群恶性肿瘤住院病例2 707例。当天（L0）的SO2及平均累积滞后4天（L04）的NO2与恶性肿瘤住院人数的RR值最大,分别为1.043（1.002~1.085）及1.163（1.091~1.239）,PM10及NO2对男性及60岁以上人群的恶性肿瘤住院人数的RR值较女性和60岁及以下人群大。多因素污染物模型中,SO2及NO2对PM10的影响具有协同效应,NO2表现出显著且独立的健康效应。[结论]空气污染与金昌队列人群恶性肿瘤患病住院人数之间具有一定的关联性。

[Objective] To assess the association between air pollution and malignant neoplasms hospital admissions. [Methods] Records of meteorological factors and air pollutants（PM10, SO2, and NO2） were collected in Jinchang City, Gansu Province from 2007 to 2010. The hospitalized cases of malignant neoplasms during the same period were collected from the Jinchang cohort. A semi-parametric generalized additive model was used to assess the relationship between air pollutant concentrations and daily malignant neoplasms hospitalizations in the cohort with adjustment of confounding factors. [Results] A total of 2 707 malignant neoplasms hospitalized cases were collected. Greater estimates were found for SO2 on Lag 0 day（L0） and for NO2 on Lag 04 day（L04）, with relative risks（RRs）（95% confidence interval） of 1.043（1.002-1.085） and 1.163（1.091-1.239）, respectively. The males and the cases at and over 60 years of age were associated more strongly with PM10 and NO2. The multiple-pollutant models showed that SO2 and NO2 were synergic to PM10, and NO2 had a significant and independent health effect. [Conclusion] There might be associations between air pollution and hospital admissions for malignant neoplasms in the Jinchang cohort.