基于Pathfinder的高层建筑应急疏散仿真研究

Pathfinder based simulation of crowd evacuation in high- rise building

高层建筑应急疏散问题是公共安全的重要组成部分,疏散仿真是研究应急疏散问题的重要手段.根据Marchant的避难理论,结合实际案例,应用Pathfinder软件模拟人群的应急疏散行为,对高层办公建筑的应急疏散进行整体研究.从仿真模型的疏散模式选择、参数设置及疏散的时序分析入手,对案例大楼的房间疏散、楼层疏散以及整栋楼的疏散进行了仿真研究,结果显示建筑内所有人员能在安全时间内成功疏散,最后基于仿真结果对高层建筑的应急疏散设计提出建议.

The issue of emergency evacuation in high- rise buildings is a major concern of public safety. Evacuation simulation is an important way to research evacuation behaviors. As per Marchant＇s theory on evacuation and escape and combined the practical case,Pathfinder software is employed to simulate the behavior of pedestrians＇ evacuations,to conduct the holistic study of the personnel evacuation in high- rise office buildings.Starting up with the process and steps of modeling,the evacuation mode selection,preferences and the time order analyzing,the simulation of evacuations from rooms,floors and the whole building are conducted respectively,and based on which recommendations to the design of evacuation in high- rise buildings are suggested.