川中丘陵区柏木低效林人造林窗改造后土壤有机质与土壤动物的关系

Cupressus Inefficient Forest in Hilly Area of Central Sichuan Basin After Transformation of Afforestation with Gap

柏木林是四川盆地丘陵区的主要森林类型,其林分密度过大,生态功能退化,林下有机质流失严重,形成典型的低效林分。本研究以人造林窗下的川中丘陵区柏木低效林分林窗改造模式为研究对象,采用样方调查法研究不同面积尺度林窗土壤有机质、土壤动物多样性,结果表明:(1)开窗可明显提高土壤有机质的含量,当面积为150 m2时,有机质含量最大;(2)随着开窗面积的增大,土壤动物的类群由17种增加到20种,当面积为50~150 m^2时,较CK均有明显变化。综合土壤多样性指数,最适开窗面积为50~100 m^2;(3)土壤有机质与土壤动物多样性存在显著关系(P<0.01),但是与多样性组成无明显相关,为维持土壤动物多样性以及维持生态系统的稳定性,最适合的开窗面积为100~150 m^2。综上所述,土壤有机质与土壤动物多样性的波动与林窗大小密切相关,揭示了人工开窗后土壤有机质的稳定性和土壤动物对土壤有机质矿化作用过程有巨大的影响。

Cupressus Funebris thickets is a major forest types hilly region of sichuan basin,the stand density is too large,ecological function degradation ,forests erosion is serious.Forest plantations in the window of the upper hillside area silt stones-cedar inefficient Lin as the research object, the quad-rant survey method is adopted to systematically study different area of forest gap：50,100,150,100 m2.Through the observation of soil organic matter,soil animal diversity,the results showed that： ①open the window could obviously increase the content of soil organic matter,when the area was 150 m2, organic matter content ; ②With the increase of window area,groups of soil animals increased from 17 to 20 ,when the area was 50-150 m2, the CK had obvious change.Comprehensive diversity index of soil, open the window to deal with the most suitable for between 50-100 m2 ; ③Soil organic matter and soil animal diversity significant relationship （ P〈0.01 ）, however, was associated with diversity of no significant ,in order to main tain soil animal diversity and maintain the stability of ecological system, the most appropriate treatment for 100-150 m2.The results showed that the soil organic matter and soil animal divesity of fluctuations was closely related to forest window size, reveals the artificial window after the stability of soil organic matter and soil animals to soil organic matter mineralization process had a huge impact.