非洲公众如何评价中国的对非援助

How Africans Evaluate China's Aid to Africa?

中国的对非援助是中国对外交往的重要组成部分,取得了巨大的成效。作者采用非洲民主动态调查2010年数据、美国全球发展研究中心和美国威廉玛丽学院"援助数据"项目(Aid Data)共同创建的中国对非援助数据库2000—2010年间的数据,通过实证分析影响非洲公众对中国援助效果评价的宏观和微观因素。虽然存在国别的差异,但是非洲公众非常正面地评价中国对非援助的效果。在宏观层面上,政治民主化与经济发展程度较高的受援方更为正面评价中国援助,而中国援助规模和援助的领域与公众评价没有必然联系。在微观层面上,年龄、男性、教育、黑色人种和媒体消费与援助评价具有正面关系。因此,在进一步深化对非援助改革过程中,需认真考虑援助的针对性和必要性。比如,重点加强非洲的民生项目援助,而不是简单地扩大援助规模。此外,中国在积极落实对非援助承诺的同时,还需要开展有效的外宣工作,在国际事务上"讲好中国的故事",才能进一步提升中国的国家形象,得到更多非洲人民的肯定。

China's aid to Africa is an essential component of China's engagement with foreign countries,and has achieved great achievements.This paper adopts the data from the Afrobarometer 2010,China's aid database(2000-2010) by Aiddata and Washington Center for Global Development,empirically investigating both micro and macro factors related with Africans' evaluation of China's aid.Descriptive statistics show that Africans give positive views on China's aid to Africa despite country differences.A further multi-level analysis reveals that,at the macro level,African public evaluation of China's aid tends to be more positive in recipient countries with high level of democracy and economic development.However,both the scale and scope of China's aid aren't positively related with African public evaluation.Meanwhile,micro-level factors such as age,male,education,the black race and media consumption,indicate positive relationship with African public evaluation.Therefore,both the pertinence and necessity of aid need more deliberation in the reform of China's aid to Africa.For instance,highlighting aid to projects involving Africans' livelihood would be better rather than simply expanding the scale of aid.In addition,it is of great significance for China to conscientiously implement aid commitments to Africa as well as actively launch foreign publicity work on aid policies.Meanwhile,the government should 'tell a better China story' in international affairs to improve China's national image and get more applause in Africa.