产气荚膜梭菌促进黑腹果蝇的生长和发育

Clostridium perfringens promotes the growth and development of Drosophila melanogaster

【目的】黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster肠道中栖生着众多微生物,通过分离和研究其内共生菌,以研究肠道菌群的多态性和作用。【方法】利用Hungate滚管技术从黑腹果蝇成虫肠道分离厌氧细菌;通过记录果蝇的发育历期和生长速率,检测该细菌对果蝇发育和生长的影响。【结果】首次从黑腹果蝇肠道内分离到一株产气荚膜梭菌Clostridium perfringens。该菌能够有效地定植到果蝇肠道内,是果蝇肠道共生菌。产气荚膜梭菌显著地缩短无菌果蝇的发育历期,将无菌果蝇成蛹天数由20 d缩短到8.1 d,羽化天数由30 d缩短到12.7 d。该菌还可以提高果蝇生长速率。【结论】本研究揭示了产气荚膜梭菌是果蝇的内共生菌,可以通过提高生长速率而有效地促进果蝇的生长和发育。

【Aim】To isolate and investigate the microbiota from Drosophila melanogaster gut harboring substantial numbers of commensal microorganisms,and to further reveal the diversity and functions of microbial communities. 【Methods 】 Anaerobic bacteria from the gut of D. melanogaster adults were isolated with Hungate roll tube technique. The symbiotic bacteria were assayed with colonization testing.The effects of the bacteria on developmental time and growth rate of D. melanogaster were detected.【Results】We first isolated one strain of the anaerobic bacteria（ Clostridium perfringens） from D.melanogaster gut. C. perfringens is able to colonize the fly gut and could be maintained in fly breeding medium,suggesting that it is a commensal bacterium of Drosophila. Furthermore, C. perfringens stimulated the development of germ-free D. melanogaster by shortening its developmental time： shortening pupal formation from 20 d to 8. 1 d and adult eclosion from 30 d to 12. 7 d,respectively. C. perfringens also accelerated the growth rate. 【Conclusion】The study revealed that C. perfringens is the commensal bacteria of D. melanogaster, and has the promoting effect on the growth and development of D.melanogaster via promoting its growth rate.