大理白族地区不同城镇化进程居民高血压患病率调查

Hypertension prevalence among residents living in townships with different urbanization level in Bai ethnic regions of Dali municipality: a crosssectional study

目的 了解云南省大理白族地区不同城镇化进程下居民高血压患病情况,为城镇化进程中居民高血压的预防干预提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法对在云南省大理白族地区城镇化较高的大理市和城镇化较低的洱源县抽取的2 760名15~69岁常住居民进行问卷调查和血压测量。结果 云南省大理白族地区居民高血压患病率为29.0%,标化患病率为22.5%;大理市高血压患病率和标化患病率分别为30.6%和23.9%,高于洱源县居民高血压患病率和标化患病率的27.4%和21.7%;大理市、洱源县不同特征居民高血压患病率比较,大理市不同年龄居民高血压患病率和洱源县不同性别、年龄居民高血压患病率差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）;除高血压患者应按医嘱服药和饮酒会使血压增高2项高血压知识外,其他8项知识大理市居民的知晓率均低于洱源县居民,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）。结论 大理白族地区城镇化较高地区居民的高血压患病率较高,但高血压知识知晓率较低。

Objective To examine the prevalence rate of hypertension among residents living in townships with dif- ferent urbanization level in Bal ethnic regions of Dali municipality, Yunnan province and to provide evidences for preven- tion and control of hypertension among the residents. Methods A total of 2 760 permanent residents aged 15 to 69 years were selected with stratified multistage cluster sampling from townships under different urbanization process in Bai ethnic regions of Dali municipality and investigated with a questionnaire survey and blood pressure measurement in 2014. Results The overall hypertension prevalence rate among the participants was 29.0% and the standardized prevalence rate was 22. 5 %. The participants in the townships with a higher urbanization level （ Dali city ） had higher crude and standardized prevalence rate of hypertension than those in the townships with a lower urbanization level （Eryuan county） （30. 6% vs. 27.4% and 23.9% vs. 21.7% ） ,respectively. There were significant age-difference among the participants from Dali city and age- and gender-differences among the participants from Eryuan county in the prevalence rate of hy- pertension （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Whereas the participants from Dali city had significantly lower awareness rates for all hyper- tension-related knowledge items compared to those from Eryuan county, except for medication of hypertension patients depending on doctors＇ prescriptions and alcohol drinking being a risk factor of hypertension（ all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion There are a higher prevalence rate of hypertension but a lower awareness rate of hypertension-related knowledge among the residents living in townships with higher urbanization level in Bai ethnic areas of Dali mtmicipality of Yunnan province.