文化场域转移中的大学理论过滤及其反思——以纽曼大学理论为例

Cultural Filtration in Imported Educational Theories:John Henry Newman's The Idea of a University in China

纽曼《大学的理念》作为大学理论的经典著作,其在民国的引进与接受史长期未能引起学界的关注。从纽曼《大学的理念》的文本入手,发现民国学者对纽曼教育思想之引进存在文学与教育两条路径,通过深入挖掘其被学界所接受与排斥之思想成分,可见引进到中国的纽曼大学理论与其原来面目相比已经发生了诸多变化。藉此可透视当一理论从一文化场域转移至另一文化场域时必然遭遇的文化过滤问题。民国学者对西方大学理论的过滤,对反思当今中国教育研究,尤其是对外来理论的研究,具有重要启示。

Newman's( 1801- 1890) The Idea of a University,a classic work in higher education research,was introduced to China during the Republican Era( 1911- 1949). At that time,Newman's theories were introduced both by literary and educational scholars in China. However,these imported versions were quite different from the original ones with some aspects of Newman's theories readily accepted,some others scrupulously deleted. This is what we called ' cultural filtration' happening inevitably when a new theory introduced from one culture to another. Through analyzing cultural filtration of Newman's theories in China during the Republican Era,we can get a better understanding of the transformation imported theories have to go through in a different cultural context.