D形橡胶密封圈的有限元分析及改进

Finite Element Analysis and Structural Optimization of Rubber D-ring

采用ABAQUS软件分析介质压力、预压缩率对D形橡胶密封圈的变形、接触应力、米塞斯应力和剪切应力的影响,并和近似尺寸的O形圈进行对比。通过分析发现:相比于O形圈,D形圈内部米塞斯应力作用范围更小,而其接触面宽度更大;不同介质压力下D形圈能获得更好的密封性能,但压力较低时其寿命将小于O形圈;在较小预压缩率下D形圈更易获得良好的密封效果,且寿命也更长;高预压缩率下D形圈仍能获得更好的密封效果,但更容易出现老化;在圆弧与矩形连接处添加圆角凸台,结构优化后可有效降低D形圈内部的米塞斯应力以及剪切应力,使其具有更长的使用寿命。

The effect of the medium pressure, initial compression ratio on the deformation, contact stress, Von Mises stress and shear stress of the rubber D-ring was analyzed via ABAQUS software, and the comparison between the approximate size O-ring and the rubber D-ring was fulfilled. The results show that the Von Mises stress of D-ring is much more smaller and the contact area is much more bigger with that to the rubber O-ring. A better sealing performance will obtained under different medium pressure for rubber D-ring, but its lifetime at lower pressure is shorter than that for rubber O-ring. The rubber D-ring can get more efficient sealing performance under different compression ratio, and the higher lifetime can be also obtained under low compression ratio, but the material aging is more likely to be caused at a high compression ratio comparing with the rubber O-ring. A rounded boss was added to the rubber D-ring resulting in the decrease in Mises stress and shear stress, then a longer life was obtained.