钻柱振动与冲击抑制技术研究现状

A Literature Review of Researches on Drillstring Vibration Suppression

对钻柱振动和冲击的控制是井眼轨道优化设计、钻井参数优选、提高钻速及实现智能钻井的重要基础。在深水、超深水,深井、超深井,页岩气硬脆性地层及气体钻井作业中,要用到丛式井、定向井等特殊钻井工艺,这些复杂井建井过程中由钻柱振动和冲击造成的损失日益增加。系统阐述和对比了钻柱振动和冲击的表现形式及评价方法。将钻柱振动和冲击分为被动控制、主动控制和半主动控制3方面,归纳和分类探讨了近年来核心控制方法及关键控制设备的结构、原理,给出代表性的成果,对比分析了相应方法特点、设备及适应范围,设计了钻柱振动和冲击控制程序,探讨了未来重点研究的方向。

Control of drill string vibration and shockis an important basis for track optimizing,wellbore design and precise control,optimization of drilling parameters,improving drilling speed and intelligent drilling.In deep water,ultra-deep water,deep well,ultra deep well,hard and brittle shale gas formations and gas drilling operations,cluster wells,directional wells and other special drilling technologies are employed,but these complex wells increases losses by vibration and shock.We systematically explained and compared the forms and methods of performance evaluation of the drill string vibration and shock and divided the drill string vibration and shock into passive control,active control and semi-active control.Based on a summarization and recent classification of critical control methods and the structure and principle of critical controlling equipments,we focused on the representative achievements and made a comparative analysis of the corresponding methodological characteristics,equipments and application range,which resulted in the procedures of drill string vibration and shock control and revealed the direction of future research.