儿童与社会的相互建构:儿童史研究突破的一种可能

Children-Society Construct Interact Approach:A Possibility of Breakthrough for Children's History Study

儿童史学科存在两种研究取向:"社会建构"与"生活经验"。但无论哪种取径,儿童似乎只是一个"被动的"和"消极的"角色,儿童对社会的作用几乎完全遭到忽视。我们可以在"社会建构论"基础上提出"儿童-社会相互建构"的研究取向。它由两部分组成:(一)突破传统儿童史中的家庭史研究取向,将儿童置放在更为广阔的社会环境里加以认知;(二)从成人世界对待儿童的认识、态度、实践和制度等方面,探讨站在"被动"和"消极"地位的儿童怎样成为历史中的一个行动主体,参与到对社会的建构中。

There are two important research approaches in children＇s history. One can be termed a social construct for the sociology of childhood. The other paradigm is focused on children＇s life experience. These two approaches both almost negate that child could perform function in society whom only play a passive role. My aim based on the paradigm of social construct theory is to proposed a new vision named children-society construct interact which emphasize on historical fluctuation and the importance of social life given by children. Firstly, this approach will make breakthroughs by putting children in a broader social environment to be recognition. Secondly, we will explore how the passive role turned to be an agent to construct society.