小儿惊厥238例高危因素分析

Analysis of the high risk factor in 238 cases of infantile convulsion

目的总结小儿惊厥的高危影响因素以及预防措施。方法 2012年10月至2014年12月深圳市福田区中医院儿科收治惊厥患儿238例,对患儿年龄、性别、引发因素进行统计,分析小儿惊厥的相关影响因素,总结预防措施。结果 1~3岁患儿发生惊厥比例最高,显著高于>6~8岁和>8~14岁患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。各年龄段不同性别比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。引起小儿惊厥的因素有高热、癫痫、感染、低钙和其他因素,其中高热引起惊厥发生比例显著高于癫痫、感染、低钙和其他因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005);癫痫引起惊厥发生比例显著高于低钙和其他因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005);脑部感染引起惊厥发生比例显著高于低钙和其他因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。结论小儿惊厥最常见原因为高热惊厥,以1~3岁儿童易发,需及时预防小儿惊厥的发生。

Objective To study the high risk factor and prevention measure of infantile convulsion. Methods A total of 238 cases of children with convulsion were admitted to our hospital from October 2012 to December 2014,and all the children＇s age, gender, and other causing factors were statistically recorded. The related influence factors were analyzed and prevention measures of infantile convulsion were summa- rized. Results Most children had convulsion attack at 1 to 3 years old,whose rate was statistically higher than the other age group （P^0.05）,but there was no significant difference between boys and girls（P~ 0.05）. Most infantile convulsion was caused by high fever, seizure,infection and low calcium,and the rate of convulsion due to high fever was significantly higher than the other factors （P〈0. 05） ;the rate of convulsion caused by epilepsy and brain infection was higher than low calcium and other factors（P〈0. 005） ;all differences were of statistical significance. Conclusion The most common reason of children with convulsion is high fever convulsion,which is likely to occure among children aged 1 - 3, and it needs timely prevention.