视频短片教育在降低产科实习生职业暴露发生率中的应用

Application of video clip education in reduction of occupational exposure of obstetrical interns

目的探讨视频短片教育在降低产科实习生职业暴露发生率中的应用价值。方法选取2015年1-12月来我院产科实习的96例学生作为研究对象,并随机进行分组。在职业暴露防护教育与培训上,对照组由带教老师在带教过程中讲解为主;观察组在对照组的基础上,联合视频短片教育,内容包括产科实习生职业暴露的类型、常见原因、危害及预防措施。对比两组产科实习生对职业暴露防护相关知识知晓率、职业暴露自我防护执行率及职业暴露率,综合评价视频短片教育对产科实习生的职业暴露防护教育与培训效果。结果观察组职业暴露防护相关知识知晓率均为100.00%,显著高于对照组的0.00%-54.17%;与对照组对比,观察组产科实习生对职业暴露防护相关知识知晓程度显著大于对照组（P〈0.01）。观察组职业暴露自我防护执行率为43.75%-87.50%,对高风险的职业暴露自我防护执行率高;对照组职业暴露自我防护执行率为6.25%-52.08%,普遍存在对各类型职业暴露的自我防护执行水平不高;观察组产科实习生对职业暴露自我防护执行率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组锐器伤或刺伤发生率、被血液污染皮肤黏膜发生率、被体液污染皮肤黏膜发生率均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论视频短片教育可提高产科实习生对职业暴露的认知程度,促进执行职业暴露自我防护措施,协同减少职业暴露的发生,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To discuss the application value of video clip education in reduction of occupational exposure of obstetrical interns. Methods 96 interns of our department from January to December 2015 were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group.Interns in the control group were mainly educated by lectures as to occupational exposure education,while interns in the observation group were additionally educated by video clips,including types,common reasons,hazards and prevention of occupational exposure.The awareness rate of occupational exposure knowledge,implementation rate of self-protection against occupational exposure,and rate of occupational exposure were compared between two groups.Effect of video clip education on occupational exposure of obstetrical interns was comprehensively assessed. Results The awareness rate of all occupational exposure knowledge were 100.00% in the observation group,which were significantly higher than 0.00%-54.17% in the control group（P〈0.05）.The implementation rate of self-protection against occupational exposure were 43.75% -87.50% in the observation group,which were significantly higher than 6.25%-52.08% in the control group（P〈0.01）;Interns in the observation group showed higher self-protection against high-risk occupational exposure,while those in the control group showed lower self-protection against all levels of occupational exposure,and the difference was significant（P〈0.05）.The incidence rates of scratching or stabbing,incidence rate of pollution by blood and body fluid in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Video clip education can enhance the awareness degree of occupational exposure among interns,promote self-protection measures against occupational exposure,and reduce the incidence of occupational exposure,it is worthy to be promoted.