不同年龄阶段儿童巨细胞病毒感染临床表现差异探讨

Discussion on the Clinical Manifestations of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Children at Different Ages

目的探讨儿童巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染在不同年龄的临床表现差异。方法选取我院2014年7月至2015年6月收治的104例儿童CMV感染患者为研究对象,根据患儿的年龄分为〈6月儿（61例）、6月~12月儿（17例）和〉12月儿（26例）三组,统计各组患儿营养不良、腹泻、黄疸、先天畸形、肺炎、肝功能损害、心肌损害、肾脏损害、中枢神经系统异常、血液系统疾病等临床表现情况,并分析患儿年龄与相关临床表现之间的关系。结果不同年龄组患儿黄疸、先天畸形、肺炎、肝损害、血液系统疾病发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。〈6月儿主要临床表现为黄疸（45.9%）、肺炎（49.2%）及肝损害（82.0%）;6月~12月儿主要临床表现为黄疸（23.5%）、肺炎（35.3%）、肝损害（82.4%）、血液疾病（23.5%）;〉12月儿主要临床表现为肝损害（50.0%）、血液疾病（30.8%）。结论巨细胞病毒感染患儿的年龄越大,CMV感染所致的呼吸、消化、神经系统损害的发生率逐渐改善,而血液系统疾病的发生风险明显增加,应针对这些特点制定积极的防治措施。

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations of cytomegalovirus （CMV） infection in children at different ages. Methods 104 cases of children with CMV infection treated in our hospital from July 2014 to June 2015 were selected and divided into three groups according to children＇s age： group of children whose age 〈6 months （61 cases）, group of children whose age ≥ 6 months and ≤ 12 months （17 cases） and group of children whose age 〉12 months （26 cases）. The clinical manifestations of malnutrition, diarrhea, jaundice, congenital malformations, pneumonia, liver damage, heart damage, kidney damage, abnormalities of central nervous system, blood disorders in three groups were recorded, and the relationship between children＇s age and related clinical manifestations was analyzed. Results The incidence of jaundice, congenital malformations, pneumonia, liver damage and diseases of blood system in different groups had statistical difference （P 〈0.05）. The main clinical manifestations of children whose age 〈6 months were jaundice （45.9%）, pneumonia （49.2%） and liver damage （82.0%）; the main clinical manifestations of children whose age ~〉6 months and ~〈 12 months were jaundice （23.5%）, pneumonia （35.3%）, liver damage （82.4%） and blood disorders （23.5%）; the main clinical manifestations of children whose age 〉12 months were liver damage （50.0%） and blood disorders （30.8%）. Conclusions The incidence of respiratory, digestive, nervous system damage caused by CMV infection gradually improved with children＇s age, but the risk of blood disorders significantly increased. Positive prevention measures should be developed according to these characteristics.