施加生物炭对节水灌溉水稻生长特征及产量影响

Effects of Biochar on Rice Growth and Yield under Water-Saving Irrigation

为揭示施加生物炭对节水灌溉水稻生长特征及产量的影响,试验设计常规灌溉和控制灌溉两种灌溉方式,采用盆栽试验,分析了施加生物炭条件下节水灌溉水稻的茎蘖、株高、叶面积指数(LAI)、叶绿素(SPAD)、产量、灌水量以及灌溉水分生产率的变化规律。结果表明:与常规灌溉相比,控制灌溉轻微抑制了水稻地上部分的生长,保证了水稻稳产,灌水量平均减少34.91%,灌溉水分生产率平均提高了0.69kg/m^3。施加生物炭处理增加了水稻茎蘖数、株高以及LAI,提高了水稻的有效分蘖率,使水稻对氮素吸收相对平稳,SPAD值变化波动小,水稻产量平均提高947kg/hm^2,灌溉水分生产率平均提高0.16kg/m^3。控制灌溉与生物炭联合应用水稻灌溉水分生产率最高,为2.12kg/m^3。

In order to investigate the effects of biochar on rice growth and yield under water-saving irrigation,the experiment de-signed two kinds of irrigation methods,namely normal irrigation and control irrigation.Based on pot experiments,the variation of the stems and tillers of rice,plant height,leaf area index,Chlorophyll,yield,irrigation volumes and the productivity of irrigation water were analyzed under water-saving irrigation with the application of biochar.The results showed that compared with normal ir-rigation,control irrigation slightly inhibited the growth of the ground part of the rice,while the yield was maintained,the irrigation volume was decreased by 34.91% on average and the irrigation water productivity was increased by 0.69 kg/m3 on average.With the use of biochar,the rice stem number,plant height,LAI ,and effective tiller rate were increased,the nitrogen uptake was stable and the fluctuation of SPAD value was small,the rice yield was increased by 947 kg/hm2 on average,the irrigation water productiv-ity was increased by 0.16 kg/m3 on average.The Joint application of control irrigation and biochar can get the highest rice irrigation water productivity as 2.12 kg/m3 .