扬黄灌区浅埋式滴灌对地膜玉米生长及水分利用效率的影响

Effect of Shallow-buried Drip Irrigation on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Plastic-Film Corn in Yellow River Pumping Irrigation Area

针对扬黄灌区玉米节水灌溉存在投入高、效率低和种植模式单一的问题,通过采用浅埋式滴灌、露地滴灌的灌溉方式种植双行靠地膜玉米,测定玉米各生育时期生长指标、土壤含水率,探索降低玉米节水灌溉和种植模式投入新方法。试验表明:膜下滴灌和膜下浅埋式滴灌出苗比露地和露地浅埋式滴灌分别早3d和2d;全生育期内膜下浅埋式滴灌的株高、茎粗、叶面积指数和干物质积累量均高于膜下浅埋式滴灌、露地浅埋式滴灌和露地滴灌;同一种植模式下浅埋式滴灌比露地滴灌的株高、茎粗、叶面积指数和干物质积累量均高;膜下浅埋式滴灌产量分别比露地滴灌、露地浅埋式滴灌、膜下滴灌提高15.8%、8.87%、1.81%;膜下浅埋式滴灌的群体WUE分别比露地滴灌、露地浅埋式滴灌、膜下滴灌增加16.1%、9.3%、1.6%。

Aiming at the problems of high input,low efficiency and single-mode plant of the water-saving irrigation for corn plant in pumping irrigation area,this paper took the double row plastic-film corns,which were planted by shallow-buried drip irrigation and outdoor drip irrigation,as study obj ect.The growth indices and soil moisture content were measured during different growth stages in order to explore new approach to reduce the input of water-saving irrigation and planting pattern for corn plant.The experiment results showed as follows：the sprout time in the area by drip irrigation and shallow-buried drip irrigation under plastic film were three days and two days earlier than the area by outdoor drip irrigation and outdoor shallow-buried drip irrigation,respectively;dur-ing the whole growth period,the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index and dry matter accumulation amount of shallow-buried drip irrigation under plastic film were higher than those of drip irrigation under plastic film,outdoor drip irrigation and outdoor shal-low-buried drip irrigation.Under the same planting pattern,the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index and dry matter accu-mulation amount by shallow-buried drip irrigation were higher than those of outdoor drip irrigation.The output in the area by shal-low-buried drip irrigation under plastic film were increased by 15.8%,8.87%,1.81% as compared with the areas by outdoor drip irrigation,outdoor shallow-embedded drip irrigation and drip irrigation under plastic film,respectively.The WUE in the area by shallow-buried drip irrigation under plastic film were increased by 116.1%,9.3%,and 1.6 % as compared with the areas by out-door drip irrigation,outdoor shallow-buried drip irrigation and drip irrigation under plastic film,respectively.