汉魏六朝动物赋的题材渊源与文化功能

Subject Origin and Cultural Function of Fu about Animals in Han,Wei and Six Dynasties

动物赋在汉魏六朝赋体创作中占有较大的比重,进一步探索该类作品的题材渊源和创作类型有助于加深对赋体流变的整体认识。汉魏六朝动物赋在题材上继承了先秦《诗经》《楚辞》所确立的比兴言志传统,艺术上得益于诸子寓言拟人托喻等手法。现存汉魏六朝动物赋可分为命制、宴咏、题赠、咏怀等四种类型,分别承担着颂物、助兴、酬友、言志等文化功能,展现了一代文士丰富的精神世界和生活画卷。

For the larger proportion of Fu about animals in the Fu writings in Han,Wei and Six Dynasties,it is helpful to understand the Fu style evolution by deepening the study on the subject origin and creation type of such Fu works. On subject,these Fu works inherit the tradition of the Pre-Qin period of expressing ambitions by metaphors which are built by The Book of Songs and Chu Ci. Artistically,they benefit from the personification in fables of some thinkers. The subjects of the existed Fu about animals of the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties include as proposition,feast,presentation and lyric,which functioning as eulogy,adding to the fun,rewarding friends and expressing ambitions. They demonstrate the rich spiritual world and life picture of the scholars in the era.