表皮细胞迁移与创面愈合

Epidermal cells migration and wound healing

创面愈合是动态的、严格有序的生物学过程,再上皮化在其中起着非常重要的作用。皮肤创面的再上皮化主要依赖于表皮细胞从创缘向创面中心的迁移。创面形成后由于局部血液循环障碍和创周细胞氧耗的增加,导致创面形成低氧的微环境,低氧已经被证明能够促进表皮细胞迁移和创面愈合。创面形成后由于跨上皮电势差的消失产生内源性的直流电场,此电场是创面愈合过程中指导表皮细胞向创面中心迁移的最重要的方向信号。此外,创面形成后产生的炎症因子一氧化氮被证实也能够促进表皮细胞迁移和创面愈合。综上所述,低氧、电场和一氧化氮可通过促进表皮细胞向创面中心迁移进而加快创面愈合过程。

Wound healing is a dynamic and well-ordered biological process, in which re-epithelialization plays an important role. Re-epithelialization of skin wounds depends upon epidermal cells migration from the wound edge. Hypoxia is a microenvironmental stress that occurs immediately after injury, likely due to the vascular disruption and increased oxygen consumption by cells surrounding the wound edge, which has been shown to promote epidermal cells migration and wound healing. Endogenous electric field （ EF） is generated instantaneously after injury due to the collapse of the trans-epithelial potentials, which plays an overriding guidance role in directing epidermal cells migration towards the wound center in wound healing. In addition, nitric monoxide （ NO） as an inflammatory factor produced after wounds occur has been found to promote epidermal cells migration and wound healing. In conclusion, hypoxia, EF and NO accelerate the healing process though promoting epidermal cells migration towards the wound center.