帝都,国都,故都——近代北京的空间政治与文化表征(1898—1937)

On the Spatial Politics and Cultural Representation of Beijing in Modern Times( 1898-1937)

近代北京的空间变迁与当时政治、文化背景密切相关。从帝都到国都再到故都,在城市现代化的历史进程中,北京政治地位、城市身份的变化与文化传统影响了城市空间变迁的路径。帝都空间结构的解构,国都的空间开放、公共空间的开辟、消费和娱乐空间的转型,故都的文化游览中心建设,都受北京特定政治环境与文化传统影响。北京保守的政治观念与地域文化传统抑制了其现代化改造,使近代北京呈现出传统与现代相交叠的空间形态。

The space transition of Beijing in modern times was closely related to the political and cultural background. In the process of modernization,by way of imperial capital,national capital and former capital,the direction of Beijing＇s space transition was influenced by its political status,the change of city identity and cultural tradition. Beijing＇s special political environment and cultural tradition exerted an influence on the spatial deconstruction of imperial capital,on the space opening,the found of public space and the spatial transformation of consumption and entertainment of national capital,and on the construction of culture and tourist center of former capital. The conservative political and cultural ideas brought out the overlapping space form of tradition and modern of Beijing in modern times.