古物陈列所的建立与民初北京公共空间的开辟

The Founding of the Institute for Exhibiting Antiquities and the Opening of Beijing's Public Space in the Early Republican Era

民国初年,利用紫禁城开辟古物陈列所反映了清末民初教化兴国的社会舆论环境与北京政府欲通过新建公共空间以启蒙民智的努力。古物陈列所的建立,部分解构了紫禁城原有的封闭空间格局,开辟了新型的城市公共空间,为北京市民提供了新的休闲方式与活动场所,具有划时代的社会文化意义。然而,北京政府又利用高昂的门票对古物陈列所实行变相的空间控制,使它的公共性质受到了限制。

The founding of the Institute for Exhibiting Antiquities （Guwu Chenlie Suo） in the Forbidden City in the early time of the Republican Era reflected the social trend prevailing in China at the time that ad- vocated reviving China by education and culture. It also reflected the Beijing government＇ s endeavor to en- lighten the public by creating public spaces. The Institute was of epoch-making significance to the Chinese society and culture; it deconstructed the previously closed space in the Forbidden City, created new type of urban space for the public, and provided the new site and channel of recreations for the citizens. However, the government of Beijing charged a high price for the entrance ticket, which restrained the publicity of the Institute.