碳纳米管在骨组织工程支架中的研究进展

Research progress on application of carbon nanotubes in bone tissue engineering scaffold

碳纳米管具有良好的机械力学性能、导电性，作为最为广泛使用的纳米材料之一，在医药领域也展现了广阔的应用前景。采用粒子致孔法、热致相分离（冷冻干燥法）、微球聚集法、静电纺丝和三维打印等方法，可实现碳纳米管与无机材料、天然可降解高分子材料、人工合成可降解高分子材料等的复合，构建复合骨组织工程支架。不同材料的组合克服了单一材料的缺点，可以制备出与骨组织天然构造更加吻合，同时具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性以及骨诱导性的骨组织工程支架。随着碳纳米管表面化学、毒理学研究的深入，生物相容性良好、具有一定降解性或降解产物安全的“人体友好型”碳纳米管的诞生值得期待。

Carbon nanotubes possess excellent mechanical and electrical properties and demonstrate broad application prospects in medical fields. Carbon nanotubes are composed of inorganic materials, natural biodegradable polymer or synthetic biodegradable polymer. The composite bone tissue engineering scaffolds are constructed by particle-hole method, lyophilization, microsphere aggregation method, electrostatic spinning or three-dimensional printing. Composite scaffolds overcome the shortcomings of single material and have good biocompatibility, osteoconduction and osteoinduction. With the study of surface chemistry, toxicology, and biocompatibility, a degradable ＂ human-friendly＂ carbon nanotubes composite bone tissue scaffold will be available; and under the drive of new fabrication techniques, the clinical application of carbon nanotubes composite bone tissue engineering scaffolds will be better developed.