试论清朝对哈萨克的“封官授爵”

The Qing Dynasty's Conferring Titles of Nobility and Official Ranks on Kazak

通过对"封官授爵"中"公爵"、"台吉"、"品级"、"顶翎"等具体内容的考证和解析,作者认为在给卡外界内哈萨克身份进行定位时,不能被清朝皇帝以及典章文献中有关哈萨克的各种宣示和定位所迷惑。从"封官授爵"的实际内容和效果来看,既往的研究,将清朝对卡外界内哈萨克"封官授爵"视作卡外界内哈萨克实际上已经成为清朝属民的一个重要依据,应该是正确的。

Through the detailed research and analysis of the titles of nobility and official ranks conferred on Kazak by the Qing Dynasty,this article reveals the Qing Dynasty's complicated thinking on Kazak which lived within the borderland but without the Kaluns,and suggests that we should not be misled by the Qing court's decrees and regulative material when it comes to the Qing's considering of the identity and position of these Kazak people. Under the perspective of the content and effect,it should be tenable that some previous studies see these titles and ranks conferring activity as an important basis to show these Kazak people were actually subjects of the Qing Dynasty,