微胶囊填充型自修复涂层材料研究进展

Research Advances in Microcapsuled Self-healing Coatings Materials

微胶囊填充型自修复聚合物及其复合材料是近年来高分子科学界的研究热点之一。总结了微胶囊填充型自修复涂层的修复机理。概括了常见的微胶囊填充型自修复涂层体系,包括双环戊二烯-Grubbs固化剂体系、环氧树脂固化剂体系以及极性溶剂-环氧树脂体系等,并对各体系的组成、微胶囊的稳定性及其影响因素、当前研究现状及未来发展前景进行了总结。介绍了常见的微胶囊制备方法,其中主要有原位聚合法和界面聚合法,并对各方法的原理、特点、应用范围及自身优缺点进行了介绍。对微胶囊填充型自修复涂层的性能(包括力学性能和耐蚀性能)评价方法进行了总结。自修复微胶囊的加入使涂层的断裂韧性修复效率超过90%,微胶囊使涂层层间附着力的修复效率达到87%。电化学实验可以从腐蚀电流和阻抗方面等证明微胶囊填充型自修复涂层比普通涂层具有更好的耐蚀性能,同时利用电化学实验也可以对微胶囊填充型自修复涂层的修复过程进行解释说明。最后对微胶囊填充型自修复涂层材料在不同领域的应用进行了总结,并针对微胶囊填充型自修复涂层材料未来的发展方向进行了展望。

Microcapsuled self-healing polymer is one of the hottest research topics in recent years. This paper summarized the repair mechanism of microcapsuled self-healing coatings. The common self-healing systems including dicyclopentadiene-Grubbscuring agent, epoxy resin-curing agent, polar solvent-epoxy resin, etc. were also introduced, from the aspects of their components, the stability of the microcapsule, the current research status and future development prospects. The preparation methods of microcapsule such as in-situ polymerization and interfacial polymerization were introduced as well. Meanwhile, the principle, characteristics, application scope of each preparation method, and their advantages and disadvantages were intro-duced. This paper also summarized the evaluation methods of the self-healing coating performances（mechanical properties and corrosion resistance）. Self-healing microcapsule could recover 90% of the coating fracture toughness and 87% of coating adhesion between the layers. Electrochemical experiments indicated that microcapsuled self-healing coatings had better corrosion resistance compared with common coatings through measuring corrosion current and impedance. In addition, the repair progress of self-healing coatings could be explained through electrochemical experiments. At last, the applications of self-healing coatings were summarized, as well as the research trends of this filed.