2015年广东省气候概况

Summary of the Climate of Guangdong Province in 2015

2015年广东省平均气温为22.6℃,较常年偏高0.7℃,仅次于1998年,为有气象记录以来历史次高,其中6、11月平均气温破历史同期最高纪录;全省平均降水量为1 845.6 mm,较常年偏多3%,但时空分布不均,北多南少,5、12月降水破历史同期最多纪录,2、3、4月降水显著偏少。粤北、珠江三角洲和粤东5月出现洪涝灾害,雷州半岛出现罕见的春夏连旱。有3个台风和1个热带低压登陆或严重影响广东省,较常年偏少,其中10月登陆广东的最强台风"彩虹"重创粤西;全省开汛日为5月5日,较常年偏晚29 d。强对流天气频繁,10月4日,顺德、番禺出现罕见龙卷风。在超强厄尔尼诺事件的影响下,西太平洋副热带高压较常年偏强、偏西。南海夏季风爆发时间正常,结束偏晚、强度偏弱。2015年广东总体气候特征表现为台风强、气温高、旱涝并存,气象灾害经济损失大,但死亡人数少,属于偏差气候年景。

2015 was a year with the second highest temperature since meteorological records began in that the annual average temperature was 22. 6°C,which was 0. 7°C higher than normal,only next to 1998.For the monthly temperature of June and November,it became the historical highest record for these two months. The mean rainfall was 1 845. 6 mm for the province,3% more than normal and unevenly distributed in space and time with more in the north than in the south. The rainfall was historically highest in May and December but much less in February,March and April. In May,flooding disasters occurred in the northern and eastern part of the province and the Pearl River Delta while drought happened from spring to summer in Leizhou Peninsula. Three typhoons and a tropical depression made landfall on or seriously affected Guangdong,fewer than in normal years. Typhoon Mujigea,the most severe October typhoon ever landing in the province,devastated western Guangdong. The first date of an annual flood season was on May 5,29 d later than average. 2015 was also a year with frequent convective weather. On October 4,a rare tornado hit Shunde and Panyu. Under the effect of an super strong El Nio,the subtropical high in western Pacific high was stronger and more westward located than usual. The South China Sea summer monsoon started on a normal date but ended later than usual,with a weaker intensity. On the whole,the general climate of Guangdong in 2015 is of bad climate prospect and characterized by intense typhoons,high temperature and coexisting drought and flood,which caused huge economic loss but few casualties.