中国与哈萨克斯坦工业制成品贸易结构研究——基于“丝绸之路经济带”背景

A Study of Trade Structure of Industrial Products in Both China and Kazakhstan——Based on “Silk Road Economic Belt”

哈萨克斯坦是中亚五国中与中国贸易额最大的国家,又是"丝绸之路经济带"战略中向西开放的最重要国家。本文根据国际贸易分类标准对工业制成品的分类,利用贸易竞争力指数、贸易条件指数分别对两国工业制成品贸易结构进行研究,结果发现:中国对哈国工业制成品的出口主要集中在劳动密集型产品;而进口主要以工业制成品原料为主,贸易结构存在严重的不均衡性。但通过选取2005年—2014年数据,运用OLS模型实证分析表明,我国对哈国工业制成品的出口结构正在优化。今后,应以"一带"战略为契机,推动两国基础设施建设上下游工业制造业之间的贸易合作,不断提高我国工业制成品的技术水平,促进我国工业制造业各子部门的出口,使两国贸易结构平衡发展。

Kazahstan is the biggest country trading with China in the five counties in central Asia, it is also the most important country opening to the west in the＂Silk Roads Economic Belt＂strategy. According to the Standard International Trade Classification of industrial products, this paper studied the trade structure of industrial products in these two countries respectively by using trade competitiveness index and index of term of trade and finally found that the export of industrial products from China to Kazakhstan mairdy focused on labor intensive products and the import from Kazakhstan primarily is the raw material of industrial products ; the trade structure is seriously imbalanced. However, by selecting data from the year 2005 to 2014, and using OLS model to analyze empirically, it indicates that the industrial products＇ export structure is optimizing. Therefore, in future, it is of necessity to seize the opportunity of implementing＂ One Belt＂ Strategy to promote the cooperation in infrastructure construction, upstream and downstream industries and manufacturing industry between two countries, improve the technological level of industrial products in China, promote the export of sub - sectors of industrial manufacturing to keep a balance development of the two coun- tries＇ trade structure.