大麻类物质体内代谢毒理及检测研究进展

Research progress on metabolism and determination of cannabinoids

大麻是国际管制的麻醉药品,因其价廉且摄取方便而长期在世界范围内被广泛使用。近年来,作为大麻的替代品,各种新型合成大麻素以"香料"的形式不断涌现并被非法使用。摄入大麻类物质后,使用者的短期记忆、感觉敏感性以及运动神经协调性等都会受到损伤,因此,生物检材中大麻类物质的检测及结果评判十分重要。本文主要围绕大麻及合成大麻素等大麻类物质的药理毒理特点、体内代谢、原体及代谢产物的检测方法等方面的研究进行综述。

As a narcotic drug, Cannabis sativa has been widely used around the world for a long period of time due to its low price and easy intake. In recent years, various synthetic cannabinoids, usually called ＂spice＂, have spung up as substitutions of Cannabis sativa for illegal use. After ingesting cannabinoids, the subjects will suffer from injury of short-term memory, sensory sensitivity, and motor coordination, which will endanger the society. Therefore, detection of cannabinoids in biomaterials and the result evaluation are very important. This article offers a summary of current research on the characteristics of pharmacology and toxicology, metabolism in vivo, and detemination methods of cannabinoids and their metabolites.