基于水贫乏指数的长江流域水资源安全评价

WATER RESOURCES SECURITY OF YANGTZE RIVER BASIN BASED ON WATER POVERTY INDEX

针对长江流域水资源安全问题,选取水贫乏指数作为评估水资源安全的指标。综合考虑影响水资源安全的关键因素,选取了水资源状况、供水设施状况、利用能力、利用效率和水环境5个子系统共22个分指标,建立了水资源安全评价指标体系。采用改进的水贫乏指数计算方法,对长江流域各省级行政区的水资源安全现状进行了评估,并简要分析了导致水资源安全状况恶化的原因。研究结果表明,水贫乏指数能够较好的反映水资源安全所涉及到的社会、经济、资源、环境等诸多方面的状况,为水资源安全评估提供了有益借鉴。

The paper analyzed the influencing factors of water resources security, and used the water poverty index to evaluate the water resources security of Yangtze River basin. Water poverty index included measures of water resources,access to water, capacity for water management, water use efficiency and environment aspects, and the evaluation index system was established. The improved water poverty index is applied to evaluate the 17 provinces water resources security of Yangtze River basin, and discussed the main reasons that led to water resources security deterioration. The results shown that water poverty index was a useful tool to monitor water resources security, which could provide a basis to development of early warning mechanisms of water resources security.