论可预见性规则在侵权责任法中的适用

On the Application of Predictable Rules in Tort Liability Law

我国合同法和侵权责任法中,就受害人损失,确立了完全赔偿原则,尽量弥补受害人的损失。为了兼顾违约方利益,防止违约方负担过重,合同法还确立了可预见性规则等限制赔偿制度^(〔1〕)。于侵权责任法领域而言,尚欠缺类似制度来平衡当事人双方利益。可预见性规则具有重要的制度价值,在侵权责任成立、责任范围等方面均能发挥其功能,虽然存在某些问题,但借助于案例指导制度、保险制度及司法解释能够较好的解决可预见性规则遇到的问题。

Our country contract law and Tort Liability Act,the victim＇s loss,establish a complete compensation principle,as far as possible to make up for the loss of the victim.In order to take into account the interests of the parties to the breach,to prevent the excessive burden of the parties,the contract law also established the predictability of the rules and other restrictions on compensation system.In the field of tort liability law,there is still a lack of similar system to balance the interests of both parties.It can be expected that the rules can be used in the establishment of tort liability,the scope of compensation liability,etc.,although there are some problems,but with the help of case guidance system,insurance system and judicial interpretation can better solve the problems encountered in the foreseeable rules.