电动汽车微型燃气轮机增程器性能仿真与起动控制的研究

A Research on the Performances Simulation and Start Control of Micro Gas Turbine Range Extender for Electric Vehicles

本文中采用微型燃气轮机(下简称微型燃机)作为电动汽车的增程器,对其进行性能仿真和起动控制研究。首先以模块化方法建立各组件稳态数学模型,依据质量守恒和能量守恒原则建立增程器联合运行条件,确定微型燃机共同工作线;接着建立起动和停车过程的动态模型,制定微型燃机控制规律,即供油量随相对转速的变化规律。仿真结果表明:微型燃机以设计工作转速稳定运行时,热效率、燃油消耗率和涡轮前温度均满足设计要求;应尽可能增大回热度,以提高微型燃机的热效率。台架试验结果表明:依据仿真结果确定的供油规律、起动时序和控制系统能够保证微型燃机成功起动、在设计工作点稳定运行和安全停车。

Micro gas turbine is adopted as the range extender of an electric vehicle,with its performance simulated and its start control studied in this paper. Firstly steady state mathematical models for its components are set up with modular method,the co-operation conditions for range extender are established based on the principles of mass conservation and energy conservation,and a common working line of micro gas turbine is determined. Then a dynamic model for the start and stop process is built and the control rule for micro gas turbine,i. e. the changing rule of fuel supply with relative rotation speed,is formulated. The results of simulation show that when micro gas turbine stably operates at designed speed,its thermal efficiency,fuel consumption and pre-turbine temperature all meet the design requirements,and it is essential to increase the effectiveness of heat regenerator for enhancing the efficiency of micro gas turbine. The results of bench test indicate that the fuel supply rule,start timing and control scheme determined by simulation can ensure the successful start up,stable operation at designed working points and safe stop of micro gas turbine.