央视春晚中农民工形象的变迁与影响因素探讨——基于媒体建构的视角

Change of the image of migrant workers in China's Spring Festival gala and its cause- a study from the perspective of media construction

从媒体建构视角出发,运用内容分析法对1983-2015年间央视春晚中农民工节目进行分析,发现春晚中的农民工形象经历了四个阶段的变化:形象缺失——被嘲讽的"边缘人"——开始被接纳赞颂——农民工精神风采绽放。农民工形象的变化与国家政策、农民工自身的变化、春晚自身的生存发展需求及30年来我国经济社会的全面发展有着密切关系。目前看来,春晚中的农民工形象有失片面化,农民工作为弱势群体,其面临的困境和难题需要被正视和呈现,使农民工生存质量得到实质性提升。而要提高农民工生存质量,需要政府采取更多措施,提高农民工社会地位,改善农民工生存境况,促进我国和谐社会建设和工业化、城市化、现代化的发展。

This paper adopts the perspective of media construction and content analysis to analyze the programmes featuring migrant workers in CCTV Spring Festival gala,which reveals that the image of migrant workers in this programmes undergoes four stages： absence,being marginalized,initial acceptance,and blossoming stature. The change of the image of migrant workers is closely related to the changes in national policies,migrant workers＇ own changes,the gala＇s changed orientation and the comprehensive social and economic development in China in the last three decades. Migrant workers are a disadvantaged group whose plights and difficulties are being confronted and addressed by the government. Now the living standards of them have been greatly improved. However,the further improvement of their living standards may call for the government introducing more measures to improve the status of them,which is beneficial to the construction of a harmonious society and the development of industrialization,urbanization and and modernization.