基于文献实态的辞书社会功能刍议

Social Functions of the Dictionary Based on the Textual Documents

我国悠久的辞书编纂实践留存了大量的有关辞书编纂的文献。对这些辞书编纂实践和留存文献作全方位、多角度、多层次的深入考察,可以看到我国辞书编纂中关于辞书社会功能的阐发不仅早已存在,而且较为全面。辞书不仅是历代统治者观照民风民俗制定国策的依据,也是振兴和传播民族文化的重要工具。语言是人类最重要的交际工具,对于我们这个历史悠久、地域广袤的国家来说,辞书广泛收录字、词并对其释义,更能沟通古今方俚,规范和方便语言教学,这对于提高整个民族的语言素养和文字表达,乃至国民文化水平都起着重要的基础性作用。

Chinese lexicography remains large quantities of lexicographical literature. The comprehensive investigation made into the lexicographical practice and the remaining literature proves that the explanations about social functions of the dictionary have existed long and are rather complete in Chinese lexicography. The dictionary is the basis to reflect the folk customs and for rulers to make national policies,and also an important tool to revitalize and spread the national culture. Language is the most important tool for human to communicate. Dictionaries widely collect and define words and phrases,link the ancient and modern slang words,standardize and facilitate language teaching,which plays a fundamental role in upgrading the whole nation＇s language cultivation,literal expression,and even the cultural level of our whole nation.