污染物排放约束下的水资源环境效率空间收敛分析

Spatial Convergence Trend of Water Resources Environmental Efficiency with Constraint of Pollution Emission

针对我国不同地区水资源利用环境效率存在明显差距,缩小地区水资源环境效率差距成为水利经济领域研究热点的问题,引入＂收敛＂分析框架,依据2004~2013年全国30个省份的面板数据,运用空间面板模型分析了水资源环境效率地区差距变化趋势,以及考虑人口和产业集聚、外贸联系和外商投资、政府环境规制等外在因素下的收敛速率变化。结果发现,全国水资源环境效率呈缓慢上升的变化过程,且具有显著的收敛趋势和空间滞后现象。从影响因素上讲,人口和产业的集聚、政府环境规制策略均有助于提升全国水资源环境效率及其收敛速度,但外贸联系和外商直接投资对全国水资源环境效率及其收敛速度的促进作用并不显著。

There are obvious difference of water environment efficiency in different regions.Narrowing the disparities has become a hot issue in the field of water conservancy economy.This paper introduces the framework of convergence analysis based on 30 Chinese provinces＇ panel data from 2004 to 2013.The spatial panel model is used to analyze the tendency of water environment efficiency in regional disparities.The convergence rate is analyzed by considering the extrinsic influencing factors,such as population,industrial agglomeration,trade links and foreign investment,as well as government environmental regulation.The results show that the national water environment efficiency has been rising slowly but unsteadily,which features convergence and hysteresis.In the aspects of influencing factors,such as population,agglomeration of industries,and policies of government environmental regulation contribute to the enhancement of the national water environmental efficiency and its convergence rate.However,the function of trade links and foreign direct investment is marginal on its convergence rate.