汉语动结式生成机制探析--从“小句”分析到“外骨架”分析

A probe into the generating mechanism of Chinese verb-result constructions

本文在"分布形态理论"框架下提出非词汇主义的"外骨架"分析,将动结式的词汇语义编结在一个以隐性功能谓词BECOME为核心的最大投射v P中。v P应被视为动结式的结构内核,当它被其它功能谓词DO或CAUSE统制时,动结式可凭借局部结构关系获得及物性或致使性特征。该分析将动结式固有的词汇语义与句法环境赋予它们的语法特征区分开来,为动结式句法行为的多变性提供了一种合理解释。

It is pointed out that the deficiencies of the Small Clause Analysis of V( erb)-R( esult) Constructions( VRCs)arise from its underlying 'lexicalist'background. Then a nonlexicalist 'exo-skeletal'approach is proposed under the framework of'Distributed Morphology'. It is argued that the lexical meaning of a VRC is encoded in a v P headed by a null functional predicate BECOME. This BECOME-headed v P constitutes the structural core of a VRC,which will acquire transitivity or causativity by means of local relations when v P is c-commanded by DO or CAUSE,another two functional predicates. By virtue of distinguishing the inherent lexical semantics from the grammatical features acquired from the syntactic structure,this analysis provides a reasonable account of the variable syntactic behaviors of the VRC.