反应堆应急行动水平的历史和新发展

The History and New Development of Emergency Action Levels of Nuclear Reactors

建立应急行动水平对反应堆应急计划起着重要的作用。本文详细回顾了美国和国际原子能机构在建立应急行动水平方面的发展情况,着重介绍了反应堆建立应急行动水平方法学的历史发展和完善过程,对比了美国和国际原子能机构、动力堆和研究堆在建立应急行动水平方法学上的异同,介绍了福岛事故后国际社会对核应急关注的热点和对反应堆建立应急行动水平的影响。

Emergency action level（EAL） is very importantfor emergency plan of nuclear reactors.This paper presents the history and optimization process of developing emergency action levels of nuclear reactors in detail,the similarities and differences between American and International Atomic Energy Agency and those between nuclear power plants and research reactors in developing emergency action levels.Finally,it introduces the focus of international community in the field of nuclear emergencyand the impact on developing EALs after Fukushima accident