转折与重建——走在十字路口的博物馆征集

The Transition and Reconstruction——the Museum Acquisition on the Crossroads

博物馆存在的基础是藏品。对于大多数博物馆来说藏品来源主要依靠文物征集。文物征集的渠道看似很多,但实际上它的主体是以相对低于社会流通的价格来购买流散文物。这种以买卖为实质的博物馆文物征集经过二十多年的发展已经走到了一个转折与重建的十字路口。本文将从政策、技术与服务三个层面,通过分析《博物馆条例》的出台、博物馆评估体系的转变以及3D打印技术的冲击等方面来揭示这场转折,并提出博物馆应对的办法。

Collection is the foundation for the existence of Museums. For most of the museums, the resources of the artifacts in the collections are the museum acquisitions. There seem many channels of acquisitions, but they are mainly purchasing scattered cultural relics in the prices lower than that in the antique circulation. This kind of museum acquisition which is actually purchasing has arrived at a crossroads through the development of over two decades. In the aspects of policy, technique and service, this paper reveals this turning point through the analyses to the issuing of the Museum Regulations, the changes of the museum assessing system and the impact of the 3D printing technology, and puts forward the strategies for the museums to deal with these oroblems.