2004-2014年常州市血吸虫病综合治理效果评价

Effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control in Changzhou City from 2004 to 2014

目的评价近10年来常州市血吸虫病综合治理效果,为制定下阶段防治策略提供依据。方法收集2004-2014年常州市血防工作报表,分析血吸虫病病情、螺情变化,评估综合治理项目实施效果。结果 2004-2014年,常州市累计查病215 368人次,人群血吸虫病血检总阳性率为0.24%(478/198 356),无粪孵阳性者。完成家畜查病11 935头,未发现病畜。2004-2014年全市累计查出有螺面积92.27 hm^2,其中江湖滩、内陆、山丘型环境分别占34.75%、34.82%、30.43%;新发现有螺面积34.40 hm^2,其中江湖滩、内陆、山丘型环境分别占2.62%、71.22%、26.16%。全市共解剖钉螺8511只,未发现感染性钉螺。2004-2014年,全市血吸虫病重点项目地区共建造无害化厕所24.26万户,家畜圈养270.47万头次,河流治理5.82 km;兴建重点防护林2 250.11 hm^2;完成药物灭螺625.79 hm^2,改造有螺环境149.58 hm^2。2004-2014年共540万人次接受血防健康教育,2014年居民血防知识知晓率为96.00%。结论常州市存在钉螺输入扩散和血吸虫病再流行风险,但在持续实施血吸虫病综合治理条件下,该市血吸虫病疫情稳定,防治成果巩固。

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control in Changzhou City in recent 10 years,so as to provide the evidences for formulating the future prevention and control strategy. Methods The work reports and the data of the schistosomiasis comprehensive control projects in Changzhou City from 2004 to 2014 were collected,the infection status of residents and livestock as well the Oncomelania hupensis snail situation were analyzed,and the implementation effect of the comprehensive control projects was evaluated. Results From 2004 to 2014,totally 215 368 person-times were examined,and the positive rate of the blood examinations of the population was 0.24%（478/198 356）,and there were no positive cases detected out by using the miracidium hatching method. Totally 11 935 domestic animals were detected and no positives were found.From 2004 to 2014,the total area with snails was 92.27 hm^2,and marshland,inland and mountain environments accounted for34.75%,34.82% and 30.43%,respectively. The newly discovered area with snails was 34.40 hm^2,and marshland,inland and mountain environments accounted for 2.62%,71.22% and 26.16%,respectively. Totally 8 511 snails were dissected and no schistosome infected snails were found. From 2004 to 2014,a total of 242 600 harmless toilets were built,2 704 700 domestic animals were reared in pens,5.82 km-long rivers were dredged,2 250.11 hm^2 of protective forests were constructed,a total area of 625.79 hm^2 were controlled with molluscicides,and an area of 149.58 hm^2 were environmentally transformed. Totally 5.4 million people received health education. The awareness rate of knowledge on schistosomiasis control of residents was 96.00% in2014. Conclusions There exists the risks of snails import and diffusion and schistosomiasis resurrection in Changzhou City,but under the condition of continuous implementation of comprehensive control measures,the endemic situation of schistosomiasis is stable and the control achievement is consolidated in this city.